Other Index Options: Beyond the S&P 500
S&P 500 index funds have become a popular option among investors in recent years. That's because these passively managed funds are an easy way to invest in both a variety of solid, well-known stocks–such as Google, Apple, and Coca-Cola–as well an eclectic mix of industry sectors, from information technology and telecommunications to utilities and energy. On top of that, you don't have to worry about whether or not your fund is going to beat "the market."
In addition, S&P 500 index funds can be less expensive to invest in than actively managed funds (an actively managed fund is one in which a manager decides which investments to buy or sell in an attempt to improve returns or better manage risk). But, as its name suggests, the S&P 500 index includes only 500 companies. That means it leaves out thousands of publicly traded companies in the US, from small, fast-growing firms to midsize corporations. And there's foreign stocks, and bonds to consider, too.
Luckily for indexing fans, there's an index fund for almost any segment of the investable market. Looking to invest in some small, fast-growing companies? At least two index funds out there track them. Want to make sure you've got Europe covered? Not only are there European index funds, there are offerings that follow individual countries, too. There are indexes that track natural gas companies, Internet firms, and businesses that sponsor racecars.
There also are index exchange-traded funds (ETFs). ETFs can be traded throughout the day over an exchange (mutual funds only can be redeemed at one price daily). ETFs generally have lower annual expenses than mutual funds and index funds, but you have to pay commission to trade them. ETFs also are generally more tax efficient than mutual funds.
Another option are enhanced index funds. Like index funds, enhanced index funds attempt to match an index's performance. Unlike an index fund, however, enhanced index funds attempt to better the index by either adding value or reducing volatility through selective stock-picking.
Of course not all index funds are created equal. Two funds that track the same index might have different costs. And two funds that follow the same portion of the market, such as small companies, may not use the same index as their model. The chart below lists most of the major parts of the market you can invest in.
 
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    Market Sectors and Corresponding Indexes
    Morningstar Category U.S. Stocks Index
     
    Large Cap Morningstar Large Cap*
Russell 1000
Wilshire Large Cap 750*
S&P 500
    Large Growth Wilshire Large Cap Growth
S&P 500 Growth
Morningstar Large Growth
Russell 1000 Growth
     
    Large Blend/Core Wilshire 5000
Morningstar Large Core
     
    Large Value Wilshire Large Cap Value
S&P/Citigroup Value
Morningstar Large Value
S&P 500 Value
Russell 1000 Value
     
    Mid-Cap Morningstar Mid Cap*
Wilshire Mid-Cap 500*
Russell Midcap
S&P MidCap 400
     
    Mid Growth Wilshire Mid-Cap Growth
Morningstar Mid Growth
Russell Midcap Growth
S&P MidCap 400 Growth
     
    Mid Blend/Core S&P 400 MidCap
Wilshire 4500
Morningstar Mid Core
     
    Mid Value Wilshire Mid-Cap Value
Morningstar Mid Value
Russell Midcap Value
S&P 400 MidCap Value
     
    Small Cap Morningstar Small Cap*
MSCI Small Cap 1750
Russell 2000
S&P SmallCap 600
     
    Small Growth Wilshire Small Cap Growth
Morningstar Small Growth
S&P SmallCap 600 Growth
Russell 2000 Growth
     
    Small Blend/Core Morningstar Small Core
     
    Small Value Wilshire Small Value
S&P SmallCap 600/ Value
Morningstar Small Value
Russell 2000 Value
  *Indicates no mutual funds or ETFs track this index
    Morningstar Category International Stocks Index
    World MSCI World Index
S&P Global 1200*
Russell Global *
FTSE All World Index
     
    Foreign MSCI EAFE Index
     
    Europe MSCI Europe
FTSE European Index*
     
    Latin America MSCI Latin America
S&P Latin America 40
FTSE Latinibex Index
*
     
    Pacific/Asia MSCI Pacific
S&P Asia 50
FTSE Latinibex Index*
     
    Japan MSCI Japan
S&P Japan 500
FTSE Japan Index
     
    Diversified Emerging
Markets
MSCI Emerging Markets
S&P/IFCI*
FTSE Emerging Markets
  *Indicates no mutual funds or ETFs track this index
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    > The Indexing Question: Active versus Passive
> When and Where to Index
> Other Index Options: Beyond the S&P 500
 
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